Chinese And Americans Negotiations Style

Chinese And Americans Negotiations Style China has been turning into a key player on the planet stage since most recent two decades for her quick advancement of economy⠼å'military power, etc. An ever increasing number of nations view China as a developing business sector for her gigantic possible market and huge measure of potential objective clients; hence, numerous nations need to work business in China. As per the review, America is one of the greatest colleagues of China; it keeps on keeping up Chinas second biggest exchanging accomplice, reciprocal exchange added up to 102.34 billion U.S. dollars, an expansion of 11.4%. Among them, Chinas fares to the U.S. $ 74,300,000,000, an expansion of 6.9%,more than a fourth of quickening 1.5 rate focuses over a similar period represented 17.5% of the all out estimation of Chinese fares; imported 28.04 billion U.S. dollars from the United States, an expansion of 25.6%, exchange excess of 46.26 billion U.S. Dollars. As exchange builds, an ever increasing number of American organizations have decided to build up the Chinese market. While the issue likewise shows up, it is hard to haggle with the Chinese. With the 5,000 years Chinese conventional culture, numerous worldwide firms understood that China has her own exchange style. This issue was referenced by Lucian Pye (1992, p.74, refered to by Tian, 2007), the Chinese might be less evolved in innovation and mechanical association than we, however for a considerable length of time they have known scarcely any companions in the unobtrusive craft of arranging . At the point when estimated against the exertion and aptitude the Chinese bring to the haggling table, American administrators miss the mark. From the above foundation, we can see that if the remote businessmen need to work together in China, learning Chinese exchange style is significant. With deficient information and abilities of Chinese exchange style, it will be hard for Americans to prevail with regards to hitting an attractive arrangement with Chinese accomplices and in creating business in China. For this point, this exposition will do a methodicallly examination on the most proficient method to arrangement with Chinese, especially for the Americans. This article focuses on set out how to comprehend Chinese arrangement style and discover the distinctions of exchange styles among Chinese and Americans, to give valuable data on the best way to accomplish a success win object. In this exposition, the fundamental body will be the investigation of Chinese exchange style. Segment one will present some crucial data of arrangement; in area two, the Chinese culture roots will be delineated; in segment three, the examination of exchange style among Chinese and Americans will be shown; in segment four, the end will be given which is despite the fact that there are numerous distinctions among exchange styles, the regular principles despite everything existed among these nations. Arrangement In light of Tian (2007), there are two sections add to exchange process, which are normal interests and clashing interests. In any case, numerous researchers hold dissimilar perspectives from alternate points of view. From the social trade hypothesis, it characterizes exchange as a procedure, which center around critical thinking correspondence for the two players focuses on a success win understanding (McCall and Warrington, 1984; Graham, 1986, refered to by Tian, 2007). Which implies it centers around how to amplify the advantages accumulating to all gatherings. Subsequently, it tends to be seen there is a positive connection between two gatherings without harming one another, the contentions will likewise be tended to such that benefits all. In particular, social trade hypothesis demands an agreeable methodology of exchange. This suggests the two players need to team up with one another and bind together the interests of all focus on accomplish common advantages. The agreeable technique is delineated as principled arrangement. As a principled arrangement, it centers around: separate the human from the issue; center around benefits as opposed to positions; alternatives for common advantages; demand target rules and no stunts and acting. On the whole, the exchange gatherings can pick up from arrangement in a better than average and reasonable way. (Tian, 2007). Another hypothesis is the game hypothesis. This hypothesis underscores on a success or lose understanding. It considers exchange as a procedure that the two players speak with one another in a serious way. (Raiffa, 1982; Siebe, 1991, refered to by Tian, 2007). It characterizes exchange as each gathering needs to augment its own advantages at the expense of the opposite side. During arrangement all the gatherings can battle with each other so as to amplify their own advantages. Subsequently, we can see that game hypothesis depends on a serious technique. The third hypothesis is called multifaceted hypothesis. This hypothesis centers around a particular sort of exchange, which is the distinctive culture foundation. It demonstrates that various societies may prompt distinctive arrangement styles. In light of Tian (2007), game hypothesis and social trade hypothesis have hardly any ramifications on exchange process, while the most powerful factor is arbitrators from various culture foundations need to have a fundamental comprehension of every others social conditions and arrangement styles; this will exceptionally accommodating on the accomplishment of arrangement. In this paper, we will concentrate on the culturally diverse arrangement style to investigation the Chinese and Americans exchange. Social foundations of the Chinese exchange style Heaps of researchers contended that Chinese culture can be isolated into two angles; one is conventional Chinese culture, the other one is contemporary Chinese political culture (Tian, 2007; Fang and Ghauri). Customary Chinese culture Confucianism is one of the most persuasive elements on Chinese arrangement style. There are six essential Confucian qualities. Right off the bat it underlines on moral development. It views trust and genuineness as the most significant characteristics. Besides, it has a favorable opinion of relational connections. Guanxi is a significant instrument in the Chinese social brain research. Thirdly, Confucianism focuses on family and gathering direction. The fourth factor is the regard of the age and pecking order. Being a Chinese who needs to demonstrate regard to the matured individuals; for chain of importance, individuals ought to carries out his responsibility to add to social congruity and strength. The fifth factor is agreement first. Confucianism featured the need focus on agreement in the entire society by moral lead in a wide range of connections. The last factor is face, Confucianism taught the individuals they all ought to have a feeling of disgrace in their psyches. Face is a major good system on Chinese lifestyle. (Tooth and Ghauri). Sun Tzus tricks: which known as Ji or Chinese tricks, hugy affects Chinese vital business conduct. Sun Tzus gives Chinese different sorts of arrangements when confronting various circumstances; how to increase mental and material favorable position to accomplish ones reason. Chinese arbitrator is regularly Sun-Tzu-like planner, only here and there compensation a physical business war yet rather may be enthused about a mental wrestling of mind to make a positive circumstance to control his/her partner into working together his/her way. (Tooth and Ghauri; Chas.W, 1999). The most well known piece of Sun Tzus tricks is the Thirty-six antiquated Chinese tricks. Agrarian attitudes: China has a huge agrarian populace fir more than 4,000 years. In any event, during the Cultural Revolution during 1966-1976, a great many understudies in urban territories were sent to the wide open by Mao Zedong to let them corrected by the workers. Despite the fact that a large portion of the understudies returned to the city they despite everything passed their re-taught values picked up from field to their off springs; which is totally unique with western nations. In light of numerous researchers research, (Tian, 2007; Graham and Lam; Pye, 1992), frugality and continuance are the most extraordinary qualities of the agrarian outlook when Chinese arranging. So the agrarian attitudes keep on affecting the perspective of the Chinese. Political Culture Mao Zedongs bureaucratic legacy and Deng Xiaopings sober mindedness are the most significant political societies in China. Mao Zedongs bureaucratic legacy: this political culture dependent on customary Marxist-Leninist belief system with three principle highlights. Right off the bat, the pioneer of the gathering has the greatest force on political and faculty. Furthermore, divided and defined bureaucratic offices. Various services, region governments, government offices and offices deal and contend with one another over designation of restricted assets. Officials commonly have great abilities of dealing inside the framework. Thirdly, the craft of endurance in the organization was duty stayed away from. The purpose behind this is the manner by which the one of a kind bureaucratic framework works. In China, power implies everything particularly in political, in this way, everybody made a decent attempt to evade botches so they can remain at the workplace of course. Some of them do everything dependent on conventional Marxist-Leninist teachings, some moving duties onto the others. Deng Xiaopings sober mindedness: Deng is the pioneer of China economy change which started with advertise situated economy change. During the change time frame, Deng needed to defeat the political boundaries left from the past period. In this manner, Deng advanced a practical person perspectives inside the Party authority, which has central changed the political convictions, mentalities, qualities and sentiments of Chinese society at bigger from that point forward. Dengs hypothesis underscored on training instead of hypothesis implies. In addition, Deng additionally advanced that white or dark, it is a decent feline as long as it gets pleasant, in his view, as long as China can accomplish financial turn of events and modernization, regardless of what sorts of the measures are, the measures ought to be taken. From the above examination, we can say that China has her own conventional culture, yet additionally has her muddled political culture. The entirety of the variables have large effect on Chinese exchange style. The contrasts between

Prince of Persia Essay Example

Sovereign of Persia Essay In a tricky realm, there experienced a vagrant kid whom was bound to turn into the Prince of Persia. Experiencing childhood in the ghettos, the kid, Dastan, battled to rest and took to eat. At some point, the youthful forager went to the market to grab an every day supper when the realm troopers got him in his demonstration. The kid fled the scene. Despite his dexterous moves and subtle strategies, the colleagues held onto him. The lord shouted to the kid â€Å"Where are thy guardians, kid? † He brought down his face and shed a tear. Starting there on, the ruler raised Dastan among his two different children as his own. This story will introduce how Dastan makes new connections and ends old ones. Dastan experienced childhood in a family that comprised of three kin. The three siblings consistently battled and contended to dazzle father, King Sharaman. In spite of the fact that they cherished each other beyond a reasonable doubt, the idea of being the beneficiary of the following seat hid inside their brains making a feeling of alert towards them. Tus, the most established of the siblings, was delayed to outrage and expository. With respect to Garsiv, the most youthful of the siblings, depicted a brisk to fight, yet very credulous on occasion. Dastin, then again, demonstrated qualities of enthusiastic insight. We will compose a custom exposition test on Prince of Persia explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Prince of Persia explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Prince of Persia explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer He contained a specific capacity wherein he could relate and become a close acquaintence with all he meets. The lords, sovereigns, watches, assistants, house cleaners, yokels, laborers, and each and every individual who passed his route figured out how to appreciate his conversation and kinship. Dastan and Garsiv managed everything well when they were youthful chaps, yet as time caused significant damage they started to separate. The two not, at this point shared likenesses in fight and home issues. Garsiv regularly utilized forceful converse with assault Dastin’s self-idea with the aim of causing mental agony which additionally brought about Garsiv submitting detached animosity. Garsiv ceaselessly repeats the story where the lord receives a road rodent as a child which therefore winds up with Dastin safeguarding himself with guarded correspondence. Dastin jokes and slams about Garsiv’s information and inadequacy. Dastin battled against Garsiv’s wishes and lead different attacks with no assent. Stage 1: Differentiating of Coming Apart begins. The lord had a sibling named Nizam who was likewise his regal guide. Nizam was one of Dastan’s most loved relatives. They would plot fight procedures together and give each other fortitude to confront agonizing errand. Nizam and the three siblings arranged an assault on the consecrated city of Alamut. They would plot fight systems together and give each other fortitude to confront repulsive errand. The celestial city was blamed for disseminating weapons to foes of Persia. Dastan, the received child, toppled the realm and caught Princess Tamina of Alamut to wed his sibling Tus to continue harmony among the two. Lord Sharaman proposed that Tamina be marry to Dastan rather than Tus for his extraordinary achievement. With that euphoric news, Dastan introduced an extravagant shroud to his dad that his sibling had given him. When the lord wore the shroud, it started to consume him until his passing. Dastan was confined for his father’s passing and fled Persia with the hostage princess. There Dastan started a relationship with Tamina by sparing her from the insulted network finishing Stage 1 of Coming Together. In his break, Dastan fell upon an intriguing force from a knife he recovered from a fallen trooper in Alamut. The blade has the ability to move the client back in time with the fuel of Sands of Time. Dastan accepted that Tus avoided Alamut for the reason to pick up the knife for power. Dastan came back to Persia by going to his father’s burial service and endeavored to persuade his uncle Nizam that he was arrangement by Tus. Discovering his uncle, he uncovered his insight. The uncle requested the knife. Dastan checked his body for the knife, and understood that Tamina had taken it. Dastan saw his uncles hands were scorched, and afterward Garsiv showed up. Dastan asked his uncle and Garsiv to trust him, however it is pointless. The whole kingdom’s armed force was out for the head of Dastan. Stage 2: Circumscribing was in play. Dastan’s relationship with his uncle and Garsiv started to self-destruct, less and less data was being traded and a suspicious sentiment of trickery emerged. Purposes of contention couldn't be maintained a strategic distance from which finished up into a full-scale assault. Stage 3: Stagnating is uncovered. However, Dastan’s siblings needed to have confidence in him, there is no type of proof of Dastan’s blamelessness, driving the relationship to stop, and unfortunately, they have become yet negligible outsiders. Meandering the desert, he unearthed Tamina resting in a sand hill. He woke her and reclaimed the mysterious blade. They consented to participate and help each other on their endeavor. Dastan put forth a cognizant attempt to search out normal intrigue and encounters, responding in Stage 2: Experimenting. Tamina takes part in self-exposure and discloses that she is the Guardian of the Dagger. She should restore the knife to the divine beings to recapture balance in the land. Along their mission to spare Persia, they figure out how to add partners to support them. As Tamina cautiously puts the knife back in the sanctuary, Dastan and the princess lock eyes and they lean in for kiss. The two are in Stage 3: Intensifying when closeness is both needed and required. They likewise begin to open up to each to other, disclosing to one another private things. They start to share their dissatisfactions and defects. Dastan disclosed to Tamina that he grew up as a poor kid and was fortunate to locate a sort and respectable dad, and Tamina on events called Dastan ‘Das’ as a moniker, thus built up a shorthand method of talking with each other. Out of nowhere, a metal whip like item pulls Dastan away. They were being followed and now trapped by Hannassins, recruited executioners for Persian eminence. Dastan infers that Nizam had sent these evil presence professional killers to slaughter him and to acquire the knife. It is obvious that Stage 4: Avoiding and Stage 5: Terminating are grinding away. The two gatherings maintain a strategic distance from vis-à-vis association; there is no enthusiasm for getting to know each other, or setting up correspondence channels. Contrasts are drastically underscored ,and the relationship is at its last minutes. Dastan confronted Garsiv there and proposed to him that he was guiltless for his father’s murder. The second his sibling understood his uncle’s plan, he is lethally injured by approaching shards of metal. The Hannassins effectively recovered the knife and withdrew back to Nizam. Dastan and his associates crawled their way inside Alamut to illuminate Tus and claim the blade. Directly here, Dastan and Tamina are at Stage 4: Integrating. Dastan wanted to do most things with her and they reflect most regular encounters. They likewise talk and act comparable as though they are one individual. Tamina and Dastan are both ready to chance their lives for Persia and its occupants. As they approach Alamut, Seso, one of the partners, elected to recover the knife from the Hannassin monitor. Seso had the option to win back the knife, yet in doing as such, his life is lost. Dastan experienced his sibling Tus, enlightened him regarding Nisam’s insidious undertakings, and unwound the blade and its mystery. Dastan skewers himself in the heart, trusting that Tus will utilize the blade to venture out back so as to accept his withering words. Nizam went into the room seeing that Dastan is lying dead in the ground. Nizam requested the knife from Tus, however Tus won't and actuated the blade. Through compassion, Tus can perceive and share the specific sentiments by tuning in to Dastan’s kicking the bucket words. Tus returned in time directly before Dastan cut himself, and they embrace quickly before Nizam showed up and cut Tus in the throat. This is the first run through Dastan and Tus really shared a â€Å"bonding† second. Nizam recaptured the blade and goes to the base of Alamut where he can recover boundless sand to control the knife to take him back to a period wherein he could become leader of Persia. Nizam’s relationship with his family uses an expense and prize framework. For the expense of his brother’s passing (King Sharaman) and the nonexistence of his nephews, he will be remunerated with the Crown of Persia. Dastan and Tamina pursue Nizam. The princess lead Dastan to a mystery access to the Sands of Time, however on their way they experience numerous enemies. Dastan frantically battled to fight them off. He is about crushed, until Tamina boldy developed for the salvage. Dastan and Tamina at long last finished every one of the five phases of Coming Together with Stage 5: Bonding entirely executed. At the base of Alamut, holds a column that is made of the Sands of Time. On the off chance that the blade were to be wounded into the column, time would rewind until the knife is expelled. Dastan and Tamina strived to prevent Nizam from striking a hit to the column, however it’s past the point of no return. Nizam thumped Tamina into an unlimited pit, and Nizam combined the hallowed cutting edge with the sand. Dastan bravely raced to the column and grabbed hold of the knife as it bowed back time. Fortunately, Dastan figured out how to evacuate the knife. After a short second, Dastan opened his eyes and was at the doors of Alamut. The assault had been finished at this point, and was pending until Dastan’s orders were made. Dastan promptly uncovered his Uncle Nizam’s double-crossing and had the option to persuade Tus and his military. Nizam is insulted and sneaked out a blade at Dastan’s back. Rapidly, Tus whipped out his large blade into Nizam’s stomach. What's to come was

freeclo Comapring Free Will in A Clockwork Orange and Freedom and the

Unrestrained choice in A Clockwork Orange and Skinner's Freedom and the Control of Man   â Socrates once stated, Know thyself, and more than 2,000 years after the fact we're despite everything confounded with the complexities of human conduct. The idea of unrestrained choice has been discussed and tested by science, religion, and reasoning since the beginning. By choice, I mean our capacity to pick and carry on as we wish, without our decisions being dictated by outside sources. Such an idea has been talked about and questioned by savants like B.F. Skinner, Robert Kane, William Lycan, and Richard Hanley in totally different ways.  So as to all the more likely comprehend the contentions of Skinner and Kane, we should initially comprehend the idea of determinism. Determinism is the possibility that all occasions are caused, happening just as impacts of causes before them. For instance, the occasion of my carrying an umbrella to work was caused, or decided, by a rainstorm or maybe constantly climate estimate foreseeing precipitation. Whatever the explanation, determinism follows that a later occasion is inescapable because of its previous reason. Assuming valid, determinism holds that what's to come is fixed and unchangeable, similarly the past is unchangeable in time travel. Assuming valid, determinism leaves just a single conceivable impact for each ensuing occasion. Affecting the thoughts of determinism is the strict origination of destiny. Here the thought is that God has decided in advance who will go to paradise and damnation and there is no hope to change the fixed and decided result. Destiny has been cens ured by some since it appears to prompt passivity. In the event that our predeterminations are as of now chose, we appear to do not have the through and through freedom to control our future. In any case, adherents to fate accept tha... ...ve it or we don't, regardless of whether it's resolved or not, the idea of unrestrained choice can assist us with bettering comprehend why we carry on as we do. Maybe sometime in the future, with our comprehension of unrestrained choice, we'll have the option to do what Socrates suggested quite a while in the past.  Works Cited Burgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange. New York, NY: W Norton and Company. 1986. Kane, Robert. Determinations from The Significance of Free Will. http://www.iusb.edu/~lzynda/scifi/kane.html. Lycan, William. Cognizance. http://www.iusb.edu/~lzynda/scifi/lycan.html. Hanley, Richard. The Metaphysics of Star Trek. Part 3 Master Creation [Abridged] http://www.iusb.edu/~lzynda/scifi/hanley.html. People Handout. X100/220. Reasoning, Science, and Science Fiction. The Concept of a Person. Skinner, B.F. Opportunity and the Control of Man. http://www.iusb.edu/~lzynda/scifi/skinner.html. Â

Airline Business Strategy Case Study - 275 Words

Airline Business Strategy (Case Study Sample) Content: Airline Business StrategyNameInstitutionAirline Business StrategyIn the current competitive global market, companies seek ways through which they can improve their competitive edge to remain efficient with sustainable profitability. In doing so, companies embark on embracing strategies that would ensure they meet their missions in promoting their competitive edge. According to Porter, some of the approaches employed by organizations entail cost leadership strategies, differentiation and focus strategy, which collectively he refers to them as generic strategies (Kroenke, 2013). In the airline industry, the applications of Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s generic strategies are crucial in fostering competitive advantage. For instance, a company may adopt differentiation to concentrate in providing certain unique services that only applies to a particular market segment. JebBlue Airways demonstrates this, as it is differentiated itself as an airline company that focuses on technology and comfort to provide high-class airline services. Although this would be beyond the reach of many consumers, the company views this as a strategy to maximize profits with the few customers choosing their services.The U.S Airways is one of the leading airline companies in the U.S, flying within and beyond the U.S borders. In the recent times, the company has had tremendous growth owing to its strategies that seem to work well for them. Notable, the company exhibits a cost leadership strategy aimed at reducing the costs of operation in order to translate this to low costs it charges it customers. For example, in 2001, the firm laid off 11,000 workers in order to reduce its costs of operation (Besanko, 2010). This translated to the reduction in the fare it charges i...

Bowling for Columbine Michael Moore Documentary - 2207 Words

Is it the bowling? It must be the Video games? Michael Moore’s award winning documentary; ‘Bowling for Columbine’ explores the reason for the violence in America and the reason for the Columbine High school mascara. In April 1999 two students Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold went on a shooting rampage killing 12 students and a teacher before committing suicide, Moore looks at the background in which the massacre took place and assumptions about related issues. Moore uses Bill Nichols’ four modes of representation; the interactive, expository, observational and reflexive to convey his viewpoint on gun control in America and the nature of violence in the United States of America. Interactive mode is when the audience is able to acknowledge the†¦show more content†¦By opening the movie with a picture of the NRA and a voice over it is setting a tone and conveying Moore’s strong viewpoint that the NRA are part to blame for the violence in Littleton and the Columbine Incident, it is also indicating the NRA is going to be something of a target in the film. The next major use of expository mode is when Moore gives us a look into American history by showing a montage of different war and political images from 1953-2001. Typewriter font directly addresses the viewer and gives meaning to the images. For example a picture of a dead man has little meaning, but with the text 1965-1975: American Military kills’ 4 million people in Southeast Asia the viewer is able to make sense of the footage. Another documentary technique used is the use of non-diagetic music; a song by Joey Ramone ‘What a wonderful world’ adds to the mood of the scene. Ramone is singing about a wonderful world as audiences are viewing contrasting pictures of war and killing this creates a dramatic effect leaving the audience question ‘Is this a wonderful world, with all this killing?’ This emphasises Moores viewpoint on how American has been a society of fear for centuries. Another effective voice over is after three and aShow MoreRelatedMichael Moore s Bowling For Columbine Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Michael Moore first created the documentary, â€Å"Bowling for Columbine†, in 2002 he not only wanted to raise awareness around the tragedy that was the Columbine Massacre, but wanted to look beyond that and dig deep into finding out the political events that led up to this tragic event. Michael Moore wanted to seek to investigate and confront leading, powerful politicians for allowing this violent culture to worsen for their own benefit through creating this documentary. 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This event was the inspiration for Michael Moore’s documentary Bowling For Columbine. In this film he tackles the issue of gun control in America and why they are so different to other countries around the world. Bowling for ColumbineRead MoreHow Bowling for Columbine Is Bias Essay779 Words   |  4 PagesBowling for Columbine: A Narrow View of a Complicated Story The Biased viewpoint of Michael Moore tears viewers away from the actual problem, and perhaps even the film’s intended message itself†¦ Alexi Heazle The idea of a documentary being an artistic or even personalised expression of a director is long gone, or so it seems in recent times. 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Im going to avoid discussion of the specific material presented in this moving film; I feel no need to reinventRead MoreMovie Analysis : Bowling For Columbine3206 Words   |  13 Pageser the the years the documentary genre has been seen to have evolved and as to has the definition of a documentary. A documentary is an informative, non-fiction genre that presents the idea of ‘reality’ to audience members and relates to the idea of a text having common elements of which the audience can relate and identify. In the documentary, â€Å"Bowling for Columbine† directed by Michael Moore (2002), we as an audience follow Moore as he explores America’s violent history and whilst making us moreRead MoreBowling for Columbine by Michael Moore743 Words   |  3 PagesDocumentaries are usually boring, just spitting facts at the viewers. Not Michael Moore’s â€Å"Bowling For Columbine,† this film was very different from any other documentary. It was not simply facts, instead Moore took a different approach to get the attention of the less informed. Lear ning a lot throughout the film, it would be a great recommendation for anyone looking to learn about the gun accessibility and violence within America. In this documentary, Moore begins by showing how easy it is toRead MoreThe Truth Behind The Columbine Shooting1240 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica’s star detective Michael Moore has done it again! In this edition, he uncovers the truth behind the Columbine shooting, and exposes the â€Å"real† menaces of America’s society. Or this is what we are led to believe†¦ The Columbine Shooting has solidified itself as a tragic event in America’s past, and was a real wake-up call to the nation’s age-old gun problem. Michael Moore looks into this issue and decides it provides a great premise for his next documentary, his next crusade to flush out the

The Portrayal Of African American Women - 1046 Words

Jazmin Avalos WGS 321 – Outline Assignment Outline for Chapter 4 Thesis: The portrayal of African American women as stereotypical mammies, matriarchs, welfare recipients, and hot mommas helps justify U.S. Black women’s oppression. Outline: 1. The objectification of black women as the other a. Advocating the imagery of U.S. Black women as the Other provides ideological thinking justification for race, gender, and class oppression. (Page 77) i. Binary thinking shapes understandings of human difference. Objectification is central to this process of oppositional thinking. b. Culture is defined as the opposite of an objectified nature. (Page 78) i. Defining people of color as less human, animalistic, or more â€Å"natural† denies African peoples subjectivity and supports the political economy of domination that characterized slavery, colonialism, and neocolonialism. c. Domination always involves attempts to objectify the subordinate group. (Page 78) i. The treatment of U.S. Black women domestic workers objectifies them as if they were animals or mules, represents one form of objectification. d. Oppositional binaries rarely represent different but equal relationships, they are inherently unstable. (Page 78) i. The foundations of intersecting oppressions become grounded in interdependent concepts of binary thinking, oppositional difference, objectification, and social hierarchy. 2. Controlling images and black women’s oppression. a. The dominant ideology of the slave era fosteredShow MoreRelatedPortrayal Of African American Women1538 Words   |  7 Pages Women have long been negatively stereotyped in American society, usually portrayed as submissive and passive while at the same time seen as disobedient and pushy. These contradictory representations are doubly imposed upon Black women. For example, there are common stereotypes ascribed particularly to African American women, such as the â€Å"promiscuous jezebel†. 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The Blame Game- Who Is Responsible for the Bully free essay sample

The Blame Game- Who is Responsible for the Bully? Abstract You hear the sad stories on your local and even national news, kids who pay the ultimate price for being the victim of bullying, death. Many stories gain nationwide popularity like the story of Jamey Rodemeyer, an openly gay fourteen year old who hanged himself due to the torment he could no longer take from his bullies. Another infamous story is that of Florida teen Seath Jackson, who was brutally beaten and shot to death by his tormentors all because his ex-girlfriend had a new boyfriend who didn’t like him. Hearing stories like these often makes people wonder if there wasn’t more that could have been done to stop the bullies’ behaviors. It’s not just the bully themselves who is responsible for their actions. Many say it is the school teachers and official’s duty to notice a problem and report it. While this is true and in most cases they do, schools can only see and do so much. Parents and a child’s home life have the most influence over children’s behavior. Most children bully others because it’s a learned behavior and they are repeating actions they have learned in their own homes. Although it’s often difficult for them to admit, parents need to recognize their responsibilities in raising a bully and take a proactive approach towards stopping bully behavior in children and teens. The Blame Game- Who is Responsible for the Bully? Almost every time you turn on CNN or Fox News you hear about another heartbreaking incident of bullying. They are usually horrific stories mainly focused on the victims. Many of these tragic stories gain nationwide exposure like the suicide of Jamey Rodemeyer. A fourteen year old who was found hanged in his parents’ West New York home in 2009. The news reported that the openly gay teen committed â€Å"bullycide† because he couldnt take the constant bullying and anti-gay remarks he received from his classmates. Thats not even the worst part. After Rodemeyer’s death, his sixteen year old sister was even harassed for her brother’s sexuality. While attending her school prom the bullies yelled anti-gay slurs at her and even said her brother was better off dead. Its sad that even death couldnt stop Rodemeyer’s bullying. The murder of Florida teen Seath Jackson is another example of a gut wrenching story and how heartless and cruel kids can be. After a text message from his ex-girlfriend lured the teen over to her home, sixteen year old Jackson was greeted by a group of five of his peers. The group included his ex-girlfriend and her new boyfriend who, prior to this incident, had been open about his hatred towards Jackson many times around their peers. When Jackson arrived at his ex’s home, the teens immediately struck him in the head, shot him multiple times and broke his knee caps in an attempt to squeeze his body into a sleeping bag. Once they heard Jackson moan the teens realized he wasnt dead, so they shot him again, this time in the head. They then took him out back and burned his body in the back yard and scrapped his ashes into paint cans to try to cover up the murder. Jackson died senselessly because his ex-girlfriends and her new boyfriend didn’t like him. These horrific stories of bullying lead many to want to place blame on someone for the bullys actions. Of course, the child should be held accountable for their actions however; they are still children themselves and learned to behave so cruelly from someone. In the sue happy society we live in today, parents of the victims are looking to place blame on more than just the child. It’s obvious school officials and teachers play a role in preventing bullying. According to D. DAmico (2011), more schools are increasing their responsibilities in the fight against bullying by attempting to directly deal with the bully and their behavior. Most states have an anti-bully law in effect which makes it mandatory for schools to have a Bully Policy in effect. This means, most schools have an appointed person or coordinator to deal with any reported bullying directly. This is usually done by the school launching an investigation of the reported of bullying. If the investigation finds that the child was indeed bullying a peer, the school while mandate counseling for both the bully and the victim, as well as contact both parties’ parents. While there are cases where this type of prevention has been effective, Kalman (2009), argues that the schools anti-bullying policies make the victim of the bully look like a snitch. He also reports that the bully usually feels angrier, not remorseful, towards the victim for getting him or her into trouble. Another fault in attempting to place responsibility on the school is time and class size. While teachers may notice and report a problem with a bully, they simply cannot concentrate all their time and effort on disciplining and refereeing the bully when they can have up to twenty other students at a time that they are responsible for. Teachers and school officials only have a portion of the day to work with the child or teen who is displaying the bully behavior. They can only do so much. They cant monitor what the bully does when the school bell rings and they leave school property, or what type of environment or rules that child has at home. Many factors can determine why a child becomes a bully. Marano (1995), admits mental disorders such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Emotional Disorder (ED) can lead to aggression and bully behavior, these factors are not usually the main reason why children become bullies. In most cases the bully displays learned behaviors from the home. Children who bully or have violent behavior are often just repeating what they see in their home life. In other words, bullies are made not born. (Marano, 1995, para. 25). If most bully behavior is learned, then we must place the responsibility on the parents to teach their children the correct and appropriate way to behave and treat others. As difficult as it may be for a parent to hear that their child is a bully, it’s even harder for parents to take a good look at their home life and realize they may be contributing to the child’s behavior problems. It’s imperative that parents take action and responsibility to correct their child’s behavior. Some of the parents of the attackers in the Seath Jackson murder blamed violent video games for their children’s horrible actions. While its true, kids these days have easy access to violent video games and movies, it a poor excuse for a parent to try and blame their child’s behavior on violent entertainment when ultimately, the parent should have control over what their child is watching or the video games they play. If that is going to be their excuse and their child displays negative or violent behavior as a result of the violent entertainment they are watching, then the parents are just as responsible for their child’s actions. Maybe if those parents would have kept a closer eye on the things their kids watched, Seath Jackson would still be here today. The sad truth is, the attackers in the Seath Jackson case probably learned their violent behavior from their home environment, not the television. All though the bully themselves needs to be held accountable for their actions, according to Ross (1996), parents also need to take an active role in modifying their childs bully behavior. Bullies often use name calling as one of their favorite forms to pick on their peers. Parents need to be cognitive of the language they use in the home. This is especially true for young children who are very impressionable because of their young age. Parents who use gay or racial slurs around their children teach them to notice and single out others who may be different by using those inappropriate types of slurs. Parents have a huge impact on their child’s behavior and it is their parental duty to recognize if their child is a bully and take the appropriate measures to correct their child’s behavior. Anger management, family counseling or seeking professional psychological help are a few options for families to work together to address their child behavior issues. (Health Refrence Center Academic, 2011). The more parents and society recognize the importance of correcting child’s bully behavior in the home and at an early age, the less we will hear of cases like Jamey Rodemeyer and Seath Jackson. Parents cannot just sit back and use the excuse that their childs bully behavior is a phase or is a result of media violence. The fact is, bully behavior is learned, which can be good news because that means it can be easily prevented. Parents need to have a proactive approach in teaching their kids how to empathize with their peers, treat others with respect, and most importantly, set a good example for their children in the home. References D’Amico, D. (2011, August 12). https://www.psychologytoday.com/